Política agrícola en Costa Rica y su efecto sobre el campesinado. ¿Tendrá la educación “alguna vela en este entierro”?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15359/ree.2002-3.7Abstract
Agrarian policy, rural population and education are three issues which are combined in this study and examined in a particularly difficult context for small farmers in Costa Rica . Although the term agrarian policy refers to the ways in which the government proposes objectives and goals for the farm sector, and the methods to be used to reach them, the lack of defined policies is a political option in itself. This study describes the change from an aid-oriented development model to that of the free market, where the lack of a defined agrarian policy appears to be the norm. This has been particularly serious for the small farmers in Costa Rica, who were affected by the same agro-export bias policies as those applied to the large producers, with no adequate preparatory strategy. Most small farmers have suffered from economic exclusion and poverty for 20 years. This situation has endangered the existence of the social network in rural areas. The analysis is extended to cover the role assumed by education to the present time, and includes its implications in this process of change in the farm sector.
References
Cartín S. & Piszk, l. (1980). La Producción de Granos Básicos en Costa
Rica, Instituciones Estatales y Fuerzas Sociales. Período de Diversificación Económica. In: Revista de Ciencias Sociales, N
º 19-20. Universidad de Costa Rica.
Ellis, F. (1988). Peasant Economics, Farm Household and Agrarian
Development. Second Edition. Cambridge University Press, UK. 309 p.
González Mejía, H. (1994). Desarrollo Agropecuario y Políticas
Macroeconómicas en la Década del 80 en Costa Rica. En: Mora Al faro, J.; Oviedo Sánchez, O.; Fernández Alvarado, L.F. 1994. El Impacto de las Polfticas Macroeconómicas en el Agro Costarricense. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Universidad Nacional. Editorial Universidad Nacional. 53-73 pp.
González Mejía, H. (1998). Agricultura y Competitividad en el Contexto
de la Apertura Comercial. Paper presented in the Congress Costa Rica hacia el Siglo XXI. Balance de las Reformas Económicas para el Sector Agropecuario: 1983-1997 y Perspectivas. San José, Costa Rica.
Kaimowitz, D. (1992). Las Exportaciones Agrícolas No Tradicionales en
América Central: su volumen y estructura. En: Exportaciones Agrícolas No Tradicionales del Istmo Centroamericano ¿Promesa o Espejismo ?, CADESCAPREALC (OIT), Panamá.
Kruseman, G.; Hengsdijk, H.; Ruben, R.; Roebeling, P.; Bade, J. (1997). Farm Household Modeting System Jor the Analysis of Sustainable land Use and Food Security: Theoretical and Matltematical Description. Wageningen: AB-DLO/WAU, DLV Report Nº 7, 56 p.
La Gaceta. ( 1998). Decreto Nº 26639-Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganadería. Año CXX, número 23. 1-4.
La Nación. 5 de octubre de 2002. EE.UU. ve difícil tema de agro de cara a TLC. P. 20A.
Masís, G. & Rodríguez, C. (1994). La Inserción del Campesinado en un
Proceso de Modernización no Incluyente. In: la Agricultura Campesina en Costa Rica: Alternativas y Desafíos en la Transformación Productiva de/Agro. Masís, G. & Rodríguez, C. (eds). IDEAS. San José, Costa Rica.
Mora Alfare, J.; Oviedo Sánchez, O.; Fernández Al varado, L.F. (1994). El Impacto de las Políticas Macroeconómicas en el Agro Costarricense. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Universidad Nacional. Editorial Universidad Nacional.
Mora Alfare. J. (1994). Costa Rica: Políticas Agrícolas y Apertura Económica en los Años Noventa. Serie Política Económica N" 14. Maestría en Política Económica para Centro América y el Caribe, Universidad Nacional.
Noord, P.J. van der (1996) Globalisation and the European Disease. In:
The Economist (144): 195-222.
Pomareda, C. (J 996). Inistitutional Aspects of Sustainable Development. In: E. Castro & G. Kruseman (eds) Policiesfor Sustainable Land Use in Costa Rica. Editorial Guayacán, CINTERPEDS-UNA/WAU, 41-54 pp.
Pomareda, C. ( 1998). Las Políticas Públicas y el Sector Agropecuario:
Administración Figueres O/sen. San José, Costa Rica. MIDEPLAN y Asesorías Organizacionales.
Pomareda, C. (2000). Evolución y Perspectivas para la Agricultura de Costa Rica. Paper presented in the Congreso Nacional Agropecuario: Agricultura Costarricense al 2020. Organized by the Cámara Nacional de Agricultura y Agroindustria. San José, Costa Rica.
Sadoulet, E. & de Janvry, A. (J 995). Quantitative Development Policy
Analysis. The Johns Hopkins University Press. Baltimore and London.
Secretaría Ejecutiva de Planificación Sectorial Agropecuaria (SEPSA).
(1997). Políticas del Sector Agropecuario (Revisión y Ajuste). San José: Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganadería.
Secretaría Ejecutiva de Planificación Sectorial Agropecuaria (SEPSA). (1999). Políticas para el Desarrollo Agropecuario y del Medio Rural Costarricense. San José: Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganadería.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
1. In case the submitted paper is accepted for publication, the author(s) FREELY, COSTLESS, EXCLUSIVELY AND FOR AN INDEFINITE TERM transfer copyrights and patrimonial rights to Universidad Nacional (UNA, Costa Rica). For more details check the Originality Statement and Copyright Transfer Agreement
2. REUTILIZATION RIGHTS: UNA authorizes authors to use, for any purpose (among them selfarchiving or autoarchiving) and to publish in the Internet in any electronic site, the paper´'s final version, both approved and published (post print), as long as it is done with a non commercial purpose, does not generate derivates without previous consentment and recognizes both publisher's name and authorship.
3. The submission and possible publication of the paper in the Educare Electronic Journal is ruled by the Journal’s editorial policies, the institutional rules of Universidad Nacional and the laws of the Republic of Costa Rica. Additionally, any possible difference of opinion or future dispute shall be settled in accordance with the mechanisms of Alternative Dispute Resolution and the Costa Rican Jurisdiction.
4. In all cases, it is understood that the opinions issued are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the position and opinion of Educare, CIDE or Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica. It is also understood that, in the exercise of academic freedom, the authors have carried out a rogorous scientific-academic process of research, reflection and argumentation thar lays within the thematic scope of interest of the Journal.
5. The papers published by Educare Electronic Journal use a Creative Commons License:
The articles published by Educare Electronic Journal can be shared with a Creative Commons License: 
