Biological Resources Under the Look of Trade Agreements
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15359/rca.31-1.3Keywords:
Recursos biológicos; ComercioAbstract
In the last decades, diverse international treaties with either environmental or commercial objetives have been reinforced. This article shows how the first ones have been loosing effect in favor of commerce in those points where they conflict. We have for instance the Agreement on Trade Related Intellectual Property Aspects (TRIPs) that called into question some social and environmental conquests obtained in the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). Thissituation has been reinforcedin the USA-Central America and Dominican Republic free trade agreement (US-DR-CAFTA). The case of Costa Rica, as a Part of this treaty, is a show-case because its advanced legislation to regulate access to its biochemical and genetic resources observing the CBD principles, is subdued to the terms of reference given by the commercial.
References
Berne Declaration, Bio Watch et al. 2005. Patents on genetic resources contradict facilitated access. Briefing Paper. Committee on Ways and Means US House of Representatives. 2005. Report on Trade Mission to Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. [http://waysandmeans.house.gov/media/pdf/109cong/wmcp/wmcp109-6.pdf]
Correa, Carlos. 2004. Tratados Bilaterales de Inversión. Grain [www.grain.org]
Correa, Carlos. “The Politics and Practicalities of a Disclosure of Origin Obligation”, en Occasional Paper, No.16, January 2005. Quaker International Affairs Programme [www.geneva.quno.info]
Estados Unidos-IP/C/M/30-párrafo 177 [www.wto.org/spanish/tratop_s/trips_s/art.27_3b_s.htm agregando el número suministrado]
Estados Unidos-IP/C/W/449-Junio 2005-párrafos 11 y 23 [www.wto.org/spanish/tratop_s/trips_s/art.27_3b_s.htm agregando el número suministrado]
Friends of the Earth Internacional. 2005. Nature for sale: the impacts of privatizing water and biodiversity. January 2005 [www.foei.org]
Industry Functional Advisory Committee on Intellectual Property Rights for Trade Policy Matters (Ifac-3). 2004. Report of Ifac-3 to the President, the Congress and the United States Trade Representative on the US-Central American Free Trade Agreement. [www.ustr.gov/assets/Trade_Agreements/Bilateral/Cafta_Report]
Industry Functional Advisory Committee http://www.ustr.gov/assets/Trade_Agreements/Bilateral/Australia_FTA/Reports/asset_upload_file813_3398.pdf
Japón, IP/C/M/29, párrafo 155. En www.wto.org/spanish/tratop_s/trips_s/art.27_3b_s.htm agregando el número suministrado.
Japón-IP/C/W/257-párrafo 156-IP/C/W/236. [www.wto.org/spanish/tratop_s/trips_s/art.27_3b_s.htm agregando el número suministrado]
Morin, Jean-Frederic. 2004. The Future of Patentability in International Law according to the CAFTA. Unisfera, Centre International [www.unisfera.org]
Joshua Sarnoff . 2004. Compatibility With Existing International Intellectual Property Agreements of Requirements for Patent Applicants to Disclose Origins of Genetic Resources and Traditional Knowledge and Evidence of Legal Access and Benefit Sharing. Public Interest Intellectual Property Advisors, Inc. [www.piipa.org/DOO Memo.doc]
Perú-IP/C/W/447- 8 junio 2005 www.wto.org/spanish/tratop_s/trips_s/art.27_3b_s.htm agregando el número suministrado]
Roffe, Pedro. 2004. Bilateral Agreements and Trips-plus World: The Chile-USA Free Trade Agreement.Quaker International Affairs Program. Ottawa.
Rodríguez, Silvia. (2005a) “Propiedad intelectual sobre la vida: Estrategias para consolidarla”, en Biodiversidad, sustento y culturas, 44, 2005 [www.biodiversidadla.org]
Rodríguez, Silvia. (2005b) “La propiedad intelectual en el TLC-Eucard: mecanismo de apropiación del patrimonio bioquímico y genético”, en Trejos, María Eugenia y Mario Fernández (eds). 2005. El TLC-Eucard: Estrategia de tierras arrasadas. Euned. San José.
TLCEUCA. 2005. Informes de 32 Comités presentados por la Oficina del Representante de Comercio al Presidente y al Congreso de Estados Unidos [www.inventariando.com/articulo.php?id=3683]
Entrevistas
Einersson, Peter (Grain). 2005.
Velvee, Renee (Grain). 2005.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
