Avaliação de zonas húmidas superficiais, tropicais e semiáridas associadas ao botulismo aviar
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15359/rca.55-2.7Palavras-chave:
aves aquáticas, isótopos estáveis, lagos superficiais eutróficosResumo
[Introdução]: As zonas húmidas superficiais são muito importantes para as aves aquáticas, são atualmente afetadas pelas alterações climáticas e as atividades humanas, o que tem sido associado a surtos de botulismo aviar. [Objetivo]: Identificar alterações bióticas e físico-químicas nas zonas húmidas que possam provocar surtos de botulismo. Identificar fontes de nutrientes que contribuem para um bom estado. [Metodologia]: Avaliação das características bioquímicas (diversidade de zooplâncton e macro invertebrados) e físico-químicas (oxigênio dissolvido, temperatura, soldos dissolvidos totais e transparência) em três zonas úmidas (Trancas, Coyote e Silva) do centro do México. Identificação da fonte de nutrientes através de uma análise isotópica (δ13C e δ15N) dos organismos aquáticos. [Resultados]: Após a época das chuvas, houve diminuição da diversidade de zooplâncton e invertebrados, bem como diminuição do nível e transparência da água nos três locais. Os valores de oxigênio dissolvido, temperatura e sólidos dissolvidos totais foram diferentes nos três locais. Os valores dos isótopos estáveis de carbono (δ13C) e de N (δ15N) dos organismos de Silva e Coyote correspondem aos valores de águas negras, fertilizantes, milho e trigo. [Conclusão] As três zonas húmidas registraram alterações bióticas e físico-químicas ao longo do período de estudo. Em Silva e Coyote as flutuações no nível da água, as atividades humanas e a chegada de milhares de aves aquáticas migratórias provocam acúmulo de matéria orgânica em decomposição e nutrientes que retornam a esses locais eutróficos e propensos a surtos recorrentes de botulismo aviar.
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