Um projeto abrangente para a pesquisa e conservação de preguiças em plantações de cacau na Costa Rica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15359/rca.57-1.3Palavras-chave:
Demografia; dispersão; genética; medicina de conservação; promiscuidade.Resumo
A preguiça de dois dedos (Choloepus hoffmanni) e a preguiça de três dedos (Bradypus variegatus), hoje consideradas símbolos nacionais da Costa Rica, foram estudadas por 13 anos (2004-2016) em uma fazenda de cacau e seus arredores dentro do projeto “Theobroma cacau: Biodiversidade nas copas florestais totais e parciais”. Investigações interinstitucionais e interdisciplinares foram conduzidas por seis departamentos de cinco instituições e abordaram os seguintes tópicos: a) ecologia espacial, b) comportamento, c) saúde da vida selvagem, d) demografia, e) genética e f) conservação. Isso resultou em 26 publicações científicas, a maioria com novas informações; alguns estão resumidos neste artigo. A conservação das preguiças dependerá de uma variedade de componentes, incluindo: i) proteção e regeneração do habitat onde vivem e transitam, especialmente plantações de cacau, matas ciliares, cercas vivas e árvores em pastagens, ii) programas de educação ambiental, iii) evitar extrair e vender preguiças para centros de resgate e zoológicos privados, e iv) dar continuidade aos programas de pesquisa e monitoramento.
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