Alterações nas moléculas de um petróleo leve submetido a um teste de intemperismo do solo para aplicação em geoquímica forense
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15359/rca.57-2.8Palavras-chave:
Esteranos; fitano; metildibenzotiofenos; pristano; terpanosResumo
[Introdução]: Quando ocorre um derramamento de petróleo bruto no solo, inicia-se um processo de intemperismo que altera a composição deste recurso e em estágios avançados pode ser irreconhecível em relação ao hidrocarboneto original, dificultando a atribuição de responsabilidades associadas à contaminação desse tipo. [Objetivo]: No presente trabalho, a estabilidade de n-alcanos, hidrocarbonetos aromáticos policíclicos e isoprenóides alifáticos foi analisada em um petróleo leve submetido a um processo de intemperismo do solo em condições de laboratório por um período de um ano, para ser aplicado em disputas relacionadas a derramamentos de óleo e/ou roubos. [Metodologia]: Com base nisso, os perfis das referidas moléculas foram analisados por cromatografia gasosa acoplada à espectrometria de massas das frações brutas. [Resultados]: Em seguida, parâmetros específicos como P/F (pristano/fitano), 4-MeDBT/1-MeDBT (metildibenzotiofenos) e C29αS estigmastano/C30 hopano foram calculados como razões de diagnóstico que não excederam 5 % de sua relação desvio padrão ao longo de um ano. Por outro lado, as razões P/n-C17 (pristano/heptadecano), F/n-C18 (fitano/octadecano), (n-C13 + n-C14)/(n-C25 + n-C26) e ( N0 + N1)/N2 (N = naftalenos) foram os únicos com valores acima de 5 %. [Conclusões]: Esses resultados, somados à análise dos cromatogramas obtidos, sugerem que tanto a evaporação quanto a biodegradação alteraram a composição geral do bruto, no entanto, a maioria dos isoprenóides permaneceu inalterada nas condições de teste ao longo do tempo de estudo, o que demonstra sua capacidade de resolver os problemas descritos.
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