SISTEMAS DE INFORMACIÓN GEOGRÁFICA COMO HERRAMIENTA PARA EVALUAR LA APORTACIÓN ANTROPICA DE MERCURIO EN SUELOS
Abstract
Este trabajo evalúa el contendido y la variabilidad espacial de mercurio en suelos agrícolas de Islas Baleares y Canarias utilizando técnicas integradas en los sistemas de información geográfica. El propósito de este estudio ha sido valorar el contenido y distribución del mercurio en el suelo y distinguir la contribución considerada como natural, y procedente del aporte de la roca de origen, de la inducida por actividades humanas, considerada como contaminante. El SIG se muestra como
una tecnología capaz de localizar fuentes de contaminación y proporcionar el alcance de éstos. Los mapas generados con la relación de Hg_suelo/Hg_roca han permitido cuantificar las entradas de este metal en el suelo y evaluar el enriquecimiento de mercurio en el mismo. Valores excesivamente elevados encontrados en un área de la Isla de Mallorca son atribuibles a las emisiones de una planta eléctrica de carbón cercana.
PALABRAS CLAVE: Análisis espacial, SIG, geostadística, mercurio, contaminación de suelos.
ABSTRACT
This study assesses Hg concentration and the spatial variability of mercury in agricultural soils of the Balearic and Canary Islands using integrated techniques of geographic information systems. The purpose of this study was to characterize in quantitative terms the mercury concentrations and to distinguish “natural” mercury contribution from that of human-induced contamination. GIS is shown to be technologically capable of locating sources of pollution and assessing their scope. The top soil/rock mercury content maps showed a high level of mercury in the same areas. Excessively high Hg values found in an area of the island of Mallorca are attributable to emissions from a coalfired power plant nearby.
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