Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Preventive Program for Soccer Female Players During Confinement Periods
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15359/mhs.19-2.10Keywords:
anterior cruciate ligament, female soccer, injury, COVID-19Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a worldwide sports shutdown, leading to a reduced athletes’ workload, which is likely to increase the risk of injury after return to play when coupled with the expected increase in competitive density after the confinement period. In this regard, the knee is one of the joints with the highest injury prevalence among female soccer players, being the injury of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) one of the most frequent and severe. Thus, the present study aimed to develop an ACL injury prevention program that female soccer players could carry out during confinement periods. After reviewing the scientific literature, it was observed that strength training (with a main focus on the posterior chain), improved landing technique, lumbopelvic stability, and flexibility are associated with a lower risk of ACL injury in women. The program focuses on modifiable risk factors, so it should serve as a guide that can be adapted according to each context: individual characteristics, initial conditions, and evolution of the subject during development. Therefore, this study presents an intervention aiming at reducing the probability of ACL injury in female soccer players, after confinement periods, by directly influencing mechanisms of ACL injury previously reported for female soccer players.
References
Acevedo, R., Rivera-Vega, A., Miranda, G. & Micheo, W. (2014). Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: Identification of Risk Factors and Prevention Strategies. Current Sports Medicine Reports, 13(3), 186-191. https://doi.org/10.1249/JSR.0000000000000053
Alentorn-Geli, E., Myer, G., Silvers, H., Samitier, G., Romero, D., Lázaro-Haro, C. & Cugat, R. (2009a). Prevention of non-contact anterior cruciate ligament injuries in soccer players. Part 1: Mechanisms of injury and underlying risk factors. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy, 17(7), 705-729. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-009-0813-1
Alentorn-Geli, E., Myer, G., Silvers, H., Samitier, G., Romero, D., Lázaro-Haro, C. & Cugat, R. (2009b). Prevention of non-contact anterior cruciate ligament injuries in soccer players. Part 2: A review of prevention programs aimed to modify risk factors and to reduce injury rates. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy, 17(8), 859-879. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-009-0823-z
Ayala, F., Sainz, P. & Cejudo, A. (2012). El entrenamiento de la flexibilidad: Técnicas de estiramiento. Revista Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte, 5(3), 105-112. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1888-7546(12)70016-3
Ayotte, N., Stetts, D., Keenan, G. & Greenway, E. (2007). Electromyographical analysis of selected lower extremity muscles during 5 unilateral weight-bearing exercises. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy, 37(2), 48-55. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2007.2354
Bahr, R. & Krosshaug, T. (2005). Understanding injury mechanisms: A key component of preventing injuries in sport. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 39(6), 324-329. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2005.018341
Beachy, G. & Rauh, M. (2014). Middle School Injuries: A 20-year (1988-2008) multisport evaluation. Journal of Athletic Training, 49(4), 493-506. https://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-49.2.19
Bisciotti, G., Chamari, K., Cena, E., Carimati, G. & Volpi, P. (2016). ACL injury in football: A literature overview of the prevention programs. Muscle Ligaments and Tendons Journal, 6(4), 473-479. https://doi.org/10.11138/mltj/2016.6.4.473
Boden, B., Dean, G., Feagin, J. & Garrett, W. (2000). Mechanisms of anterior cruciate ligament injury. Orthopedics, 23(6), 573-578. https://doi.org/10.3928/0147-7447-20000601-15
Boden, B., Torg, J., Knowles, S. & Hewett, T. (2009). Video analysis of anterior cruciate ligament injury: Abnormalities in hip and ankle kinematics. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 37(2), 252-259. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546508328107
Boren, K., Conrey, C., Le Coguic, J., Paprocki, L., Voight, M. & Robinson, T. (2011). Electromyographic analysis of gluteus medius and gluteus maximus during rehabilitation exercises. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 6(3), 206-223. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3201064/
Brushøj, C., Larsen, K., Albrecht-Beste, E., Nielsen, M. B., Løye, F. & Hölmich, P. (2008). Prevention of Overuse Injuries by a Concurrent Exercise Program in Subjects Exposed to an Increase in Training Load: A Randomized Controlled Trial of 1020 Army Recruits. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 36(4), 663-670. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546508315469
Caplan, N. & Kader, D. F. (2014). Stiffness and laxity of the knee: The contributions of the supporting structures: A quantitative in vitro study. En P. Banaszkiewicz & D. Kader (Ed), Classic Papers in Orthopaedics (pp. 137-139). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-5451-8_33
Cejudo, A. (2015). Deporte y Flexibilidad: Rendimiento Deportivo sin Riesgo de Lesión [Tesis de doctoral, Universidad de Murcia]. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/359385
Cejudo, A., Sainz, P., Ayala, F. & Santonja, F. (2015). Valoración de la flexibilidad en jugadores de Liga EBA. Revista Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte, 8(1), 25-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ramd.2014.10.016
Chappell, J. & Limpisvasti, O. (2008). Effect of a neuromuscular training program on the kinetics and kinematics of jumping tasks. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 36(6), 1081-1086. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0363546508314425
Chimera, N., Swanik, K., Swanik, C. & Straub, S. (2004). Effects of plyometric training on muscle-activation strategies and performance in female athletes. Journal of Athletic Training, 39(1), 24-31.
Chu, D. & Meyer, G. (2016). Pliometría: Ejercicios pliométricos para un entrenamiento completo. Paidotribo.
Chuter, V. & Janse de Jonge, X. (2012). Proximal and distal contributions to lower extremity injury: A review of the literature. Gait & Posture, 36(1), 7-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2012.02.001
Cloke, D., Moore, O., Shab, T., Rushton, S., Shirley, M. & Deehan, D. (2012). Thigh Muscle Injuries in Youth Soccer: Predictors of Recovery. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 40(2), 433-439. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546511428800
Coles, P. (2018). An injury prevention pyramid for elite sports teams. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 52(15), 1008-1010. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-096697
Colombet, P., Robinson, J., Christel, P., Franceschi, J., Djian, P., Bellier, G. & Sbihi, A. (2006). Morphology of anterior cruciate ligament attachments for anatomic reconstruction: A cadaveric dissection and radiographic study. Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery, 22(9), 984-992. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arthro.2006.04.102
Cook, G., Burton, L., Kiesel, K., Rose, G., Bryant, M. & Torine, J. (2015). Movement: Functional movement systems: screening, assessment, and corrective strategies. Aptos, CA: On Target Publications.
Copoví, R. (2015). Análisis del volumen de entrenamiento pliométrico para la mejora del salto. Apunts Educación Física y Deportes, 120(2), 43-51. https://doi.org/10.5672/apunts.2014-0983.es.(2015/2).120.06
Coppack, R., Etherington, J. & Wills, A. (2011). The Effects of Exercise for the Prevention of Overuse Anterior Knee Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 39(5), 940-948. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546510393269
Daneshmandi, H., Saki, F., Shahheidari, S. & Khoori, A. (2011). Lower extremity Malalignment and its linear relation with Q angle in female athletes. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 15, 3349-3354. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.04.298
Del Coso, J., Herrero, H. & Salinero, J. (2018). Injuries in Spanish female soccer players. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 7(2), 183-190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2016.09.002
Distefano, L., Blackburn, J., Marshall, S. & Padua, D. (2009). Gluteal muscle activation during common therapeutic exercises. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy, 39(7), 532-540. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2009.2796
Donti, Ο., Papia, K., Toubekis, A., Donti, A., Sands, W. & Bogdanis, G. (2017). Flexibility training in preadolescent female athletes: Acute and long-term effects of intermittent and continuous static stretching. Journal of Sports Sciences, 36(13), 1453-1460. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2017.1397309
Emery, C., Meeuwisse, W. & Hartmann, S. (2005). Evaluation of risk factors for injury in adolescent soccer: Implementation and validation of an injury surveillance system. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 33(12), 1882-1891. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546505279576
Faude, O., Junge, A., Kindermann, W. & Dvorak, J. (2006). Risk factors for injuries in elite female soccer players. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 40(9), 785-790. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2006.027540
Fleming, B., Renstrom, P., Beynnon, B., Engstrom, B., Peura, G., Badger, G. & Johnson, R. (2001). The effect of weightbearing and external loading on anterior cruciate ligament strain. Journal Of Biomechanics, 34(2), 163-170. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9290(00)00154-8
Flynn, R., Pedersen, C., Birmingham, T., Kirkley, A., Jackowski, D. & Fowler, P. (2005). The familial predisposition toward tearing the anterior cruciate ligament: A case control study. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 33(1), 23-28. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546504265678
Fong, D., Hong, Y., Chan, L.-K., Yung, P. & Chan, K.-M. (2007). A Systematic Review on Ankle Injury and Ankle Sprain in Sports. Sports Medicine, 37(1), 73-94. 10.2165/00007256-200737010-00006
Fredericson, M. & Moore, T. (2005). Muscular balance, core stability, and injury prevention for middle- and long-distance runners. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America, 16(3), 669-689. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmr.2005.03.001
Freedman, K., Glasgow, M., Glasgow, S. & Bernstein, J. (1998). Anterior cruciate ligament injury and reconstruction among university students. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 356, 208-212. https://doi.org/10.1097/00003086-199811000-00028
Gabbett, T. & Domrow, N. (2007). Relationships between training load, injury, and fitness in sub-elite collision sport athletes. Journal of Sports Sciences, 25(13), 1507-1519. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410701215066
Gabbett, T. (2016). The training-injury prevention paradox: Should athletes be training smarter and harder? British Journal of Sports Medicine, 50(5), 273-280. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2015-095788
Gajhede-Knudsen, M., Ekstrand, J., Magnusson, H. & Maffulli, N. (2013). Recurrence of achilles tendon injuries in elite male football players is more common after early return to play: An 11-year follow-up of the UEFA Champions League injury study. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 47(12), 763-768. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2013-092271
Gehring, D., Melnyk, M. & Gollhofer, A. (2009). Gender and fatigue have influence on knee joint control strategies during landing. Clinical Biomechanics, 24(1), 82-87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2008.07.005
Gilchrist, J., Mandelbaum, B., Melancon, H., Ryan, G., Silvers, H., Griffin, L., Watanabe, D., Dick, R. & Dvorak, J. (2008). A Randomized controlled trial to prevent noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injury in female collegiate soccer players. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 36(8), 1476-1483. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546508318188
Girgis, F., Marshall, J. & Monajem, A. (1975). The cruciate ligaments of the knee joint: anatomical, functional and experimental analysis. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 106, 216-231. https://doi.org/10.1097/00003086-197501000-00033
Hall, E. & Docherty, C. (2017). Validity of clinical outcome measures to evaluate ankle range of motion during the weight-bearing lunge test. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 20(7), 618-621. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2016.11.001
Heredia, J., Isidro, F., Chulvi, I. & Mata, F. (2011). Guía de ejercicios de fitness muscular. Editorial Wanceulen.
Hertel, J., Dorfman, J. & Braham, R. (2004). Lower extremity malalignments and anterior cruciate ligament injury history. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 3(4), 220-225. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3938060/
Hewett, T., Myer, G. & Ford, K. (2006). Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in Female Athletes: Part 1, Mechanisms and Risk Factors. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 34(2), 299-311. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546505284183
Hewett, T., Ford, K., Hoogenboom, B. & Myer, G. (2010). Understanding and preventing ACL injuries: Current biomechanical and epidemiologic considerations. North American Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 5(4), 234-251.
Hewett, T., Myer, G., Ford, K., Paterno, M. & Quatman, C. (2016). Mechanisms, prediction, and prevention of ACL injuries: Cut risk with three sharpened and validated tools. Journal of Orthopaedic Research, 34(11), 1843-1855. https://doi.org/10.1002/jor.23414
Holcomb, W., Rubley, M., Lee, H. & Guadagnoli, M. (2007). Effect of hamstring-emphasized resistance training on hamstring: quadriceps strength ratios. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 21(1), 41-47. https://doi.org/10.1519/r-18795.1
Hootman, J., Dick, R. & Agel, J. (2007). Epidemiology of collegiate injuries for 15 sports: Summary and recommendations for injury prevention initiatives. Journal of Athletic Training, 42(2), 311-319.
Jeon, I., Kwon, O., Yi, C., Cynn, H. & Hwang, U. (2015). Ankle-dorsiflexion range of motion after ankle self-stretching using a strap. Journal of Athletic Training, 50(12), 1226-1232. https://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-51.1.01
Joseph, A., Collins, C., Henke, N., Yard, E., Fields, S. & Comstock, R. (2013). A multisport epidemiologic comparison of anterior cruciate ligament injuries in high school athletics. Journal of Athletic Training, 48(6), 810-817. https://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-48.6.03
Khayambashi, K., Ghoddosi, N., Straub, R. & Powers, C. (2016). Hip Muscle Strength Predicts Noncontact Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury in Male and Female Athletes: A Prospective Study. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 44(2), 355-361. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546515616237
Kiani, A., Hellquist, E., Ahlqvist, K., Gedeborg, R. & Byberg, L. (2010). Prevention of soccer-related knee injuries in teenaged girls. Archives of Internal Medicine, 170(1), 43-49. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinternmed.2009.289
LaBella, C., Huxford, M., Grissom, J., Kim, K., Peng, J. & Christoffel, K. (2011). Effect of neuromuscular warm-up on injuries in female soccer and basketball athletes in urban public high schools: Cluster randomized controlled trial. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 165(11), 1033-1040. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpediatrics.2011.168
Larruskain, J., Lekue, J., Diaz, N., Odriozola, A. & Gil, S. (2018). A comparison of injuries in elite male and female football players: A five-season prospective study. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 28(1), 237-245. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.12860
Le Gall, F., Carling, C. & Reilly, T. (2008). Injuries in Young Elite Female Soccer Players: An 8-Season Prospective Study. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 36(2), 276-284. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546507307866
Li, G., Rudy, T., Allen, C., Sakane, M. & Woo, S. (1998). Effect of combined axial compressive and anterior tibial loads on in situ forces in the anterior cruciate ligament: A porcine study. Journal of Orthopaedic Research, 16(1), 122-127. https://doi.org/10.1002/jor.1100160121
Lima, Y., Ferreira, V., de Paula, P., Bezerra, M., de Oliveira, R. & Almeida, G. (2018). The association of ankle dorsiflexion and dynamic knee valgus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Physical Therapy in Sport, 29, 61-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2017.07.003
Livengood, A., DiMattia, M. & Uhl, T. (2004). “Dynamic Trendelenburg”: Single-leg-squat test for gluteus medius strength. Athletic Therapy Today, 9(1), 24-25. https://doi.org/10.1123/att.9.1.24
Lohmander, L., Ostenberg, A., Englund, M. & Roos, H. (2004). High prevalence of knee osteoarthritis, pain, and functional limitations in female soccer players twelve years after anterior cruciate ligament injury. Arthritis & Rheumatism, 50(10), 3145-3152. https://doi.org/10.1002/art.20589
López, C. & González, J. (2014). Core training: De la salud al alto rendimiento. Paidotribo.
Mandelbaum, B., Silvers, H., Watanabe, D., Knarr, J., Thomas, S., Griffin, L., Kirkendall, D. & Garrett, W. (2005). Effectiveness of a neuromuscular and proprioceptive training program in preventing anterior cruciate ligament injuries in female athletes: 2-year follow-up. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 33(7), 1003-1010. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546504272261
McCall, A., Carling, C., Nedelec, M., Davison, M., Le Gall, F., Berthoin, S. & Dupont, G. (2014). Risk factors, testing and preventative strategies for non-contact injuries in professional football: Current perceptions and practices of 44 teams from various premier leagues. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 48(18), 1352-1357. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2014-093439
McGill, S. (2007). Low back disorders: Evidence-based prevention and rehabilitation (2nd edition). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
McIntosh, A. (2005). Risk compensation, motivation, injuries, and biomechanics in competitive sport. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 39(1), 2-3. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2004.016188
McNeely, E. (2005). Introduction to plyometrics: Converting strength to power. NSCA’s Performance Training Journal, 6(5), 19-22.
Meeuwisse, W. (1994). Assessing Causation in sport injury: A multifactorial model. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 4(3), 166-170. https://doi.org/10.1097/00042752-199407000-00004
Meeuwisse, W., Tyreman, H., Hagel, B. & Emery, C. (2007). A Dynamic Model of Etiology in Sport Injury: The Recursive Nature of Risk and Causation. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 17(3), 215-219. https://doi.org/10.1097/JSM.0b013e3180592a48
Mehl, J., Diermeier, T., Herbst, E., Imhoff, A., Stoffels, T., Zantop, T., Petersen, W. & Achtnich, A. (2018). Evidence-based concepts for prevention of knee and ACL injuries. 2017 guidelines of the ligament committee of the German Knee Society (DKG). Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, 138(1), 51-61. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00402-017-2809-5
Meylan, C., Cronin, J., Oliver, J., Hughes, M. & Manson, S. (2014). An Evidence-Based Model of Power Development in Youth Soccer. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 9(5), 1241-1264. https://doi.org/10.1260/1747-9541.9.5.1241
Monajati, A., Larumbe-Zabala, E., Goss-Sampson, M. & Naclerio, F. (2016). The Effectiveness of Injury Prevention Programs to Modify Risk Factors for Non-Contact Anterior Cruciate Ligament and Hamstring Injuries in Uninjured Team Sports Athletes: A Systematic Review. PLOS ONE, 11(5). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0155272
Mujika, I. & Padilla, S. (2000a). Detraining: Loss of Training-Induced Physiological and Performance Adaptations. Part II: Long Term Insufficient Training Stimulus. Sports Medicine, 30(3), 145-154. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200030030-00001
Mujika, I. & Padilla, S. (2000b). Detraining: Loss of Training-Induced Physiological and Performance Adaptations. Part I: Short Term Insufficient Training Stimulus. Sports Medicine, 30(2), 79-87. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200030020-00002
Mujika, I. & Padilla, S. (2003). Physiological and Performance Consequences of Training Cessation in Athletes: Detraining. En W. R. Frontera (ed.), Rehabilitation of Sports Injuries: Scientific Basis (pp. 117-143). Oxford, UK: Blackwell Science Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470757178.ch6
Myer, G., Ford, K. & Hewett, T. (2005). The effects of gender on quadriceps muscle activation strategies during a maneuver that mimics a high ACL injury risk position. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, 15(2), 181-189. https:doi.org/10.1016/j.jelekin.2004.08.006
Myer, G., Ford, K. & Hewett, T. (2008). Tuck jump assessment for reducing anterior cruciate ligament injury risk. Athletic Therapy Today, 13(5), 39-44. https://doi.org/10.1123/att.13.5.39
Myer, G., Faigenbaum, A., Cherny, C., Heidt, R. & Hewett, T. (2011). Did the NFL lockout expose the achilles heel of competitive sports? Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy, 41(10), 702-705. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2011.0107
Myer, G., Ford, K. & Hewett, T. (2011). New method to identify athletes at high risk of ACL injury using clinic-based measurements and freeware computer analysis. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 45(4), 238-244. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2010.072843
Nordin, M. & Frankel, V. (2012). Basic biomechanics of the musculoskeletal system (4th edition). Wolters Kluwer Health.
Noyes, F. & Grood, E. (2009). Knee ligament function and failure. En F. R. Noyes (ed.), Noyes’ knee disorders: surgery, rehabilitation, clinical outcomes (pp. 89-113). Saunders. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-4160-5474-0.00004-7
Noyes, F. & Barber-Westin, S. (2017). Noyes’ Knee Disorders: Surgery, Rehabilitation, Clinical Outcomes (2nd edition). Elsevier.
O’Sullivan, K., Smith, S. & Sainsbury, D. (2010). Electromyographic analysis of the three subdivisions of gluteus medius during weight-bearing exercises. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, 2(1), 17. https://doi.org/10.1186/1758-2555-2-17
Okubo, Y., Kaneoka, K., Imai, A., Shiina, I., Tatsumura, M., Izumi, S. & Miyakawa, S. (2010). Electromyographic analysis of transversus abdominis and lumbar multifidus using wire electrodes during lumbar stabilization exercises. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy, 40(11), 743-750. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2010.3192
Orchard, J. (2002). Is There a Relationship Between Ground and Climatic Conditions and Injuries in Football? Sports Medicine, 32(7), 419-432. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200232070-00002
Organización Mundial de la Salud. (2020). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Situation Report - 51. https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200311-sitrep-51-covid-19.pdf?sfvrsn=1ba62e57_10
Ostenberg, A. & Roos, H. (2000). Injury risk factors in female European football. A prospective study of 123 players during one season. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 10(5), 279-285. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0838.2000.010005279.x
Otsubo, H., Akatsuka, Y., Takashima, H., Suzuki, T., Suzuki, D., Kamiya, T., Ikeda, Y., Natsumura, T., Yamashita, T. & Shino, K. (2017). MRI depiction and 3D visualization of three anterior cruciate ligament bundles. Clinical Anatomy, 30(2), 276-283. https://doi.org/10.1002/ca.22810
Padua, D., DiStefano, L., Beutler, A., de la Motte, S., DiStefano, M. & Marshall, S. (2015). The landing error scoring system as a screening tool for an anterior cruciate ligament injury-prevention program in elite-youth soccer athletes. Journal of Athletic Training, 50(6), 589-595. https://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-50.1.10
Parpa, K. & Michaelides, M. (2020). The Effect of Transition Period on Performance Parameters in Elite Female Soccer Players. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 41(08), 528-532. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1103-2038
Pfeiffer, R., Shea, K., Roberts, D., Grandstrand, S. & Bond, L. (2006). Lack of effect of a knee ligament injury prevention program on the incidence of noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injury. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, 88(8), 1769-1774. https://doi.org/10.2106/00004623-200608000-00012
Price, M., Tuca, M., Cordasco, F. & Green, D. (2017). Nonmodifiable risk factors for anterior cruciate ligament injury. Current Opinion in Pediatrics, 29(1), 55-64. https://doi.org/10.1097/MOP.0000000000000444
Prodromos, C., Han, Y., Rogowski, J., Joyce, B. & Shi, K. (2007). A meta-analysis of the incidence of anterior cruciate ligament tears as a function of gender, sport, and a knee injury-reduction regimen. Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery, 23(12), 1320-1325. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arthro.2007.07.003
Quatman, C. & Hewett, T. (2009). The anterior cruciate ligament injury controversy: Is «valgus collapse» a sex-specific mechanism? British Journal of Sports Medicine, 43(5), 328-335. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2009.059139
Renström, P., Ljungqvist, A., Arendt, E., Beynnon, B., Fukubayashi, T., Garrett, W., Georgoulis, T., Hewett, T., Johnson, R., Krosshaug, T., Mandelbaum., Micheli, L., Myklebust, G., Roos, E., Roos, H., Schamasch, P., Shultz, S., Werner, S., Wojtys, E. & Engebretsen, L. (2008). Non-contact ACL injuries in female athletes: An international Olympic Committee current concepts statement. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 42(6), 394-412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2008.048934
Rodríguez, M. (2019). Anatomía de la rodilla. [Fotografía]. Wikimedia Commons. https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=82790704
Rouissi, M., Chtara, M., Owen, A., Chaalali, A., Chaouachi, A., Gabbett, T. & Chamari, K. (2016). Effect of leg dominance on change of direction ability amongst young elite soccer players. Journal of Sports Sciences, 34(6), 542-548. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2015.1129432
Rozzi, S., Lephart, S. & Fu, F. (1999). Effects of muscular fatigue on knee joint laxity and neuromuscular characteristics of male and female athletes. Journal of Athletic Training, 34(2), 106-114.
Sainz, P., Cejudo, A., Ayala, F. & Santonja, F. (2015). Perfil óptimo de flexibilidad del miembro inferior en jugadoras de fútbol sala. Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte, (60), 647-662. https://doi.org/10.15366/rimcafd2015.60.003
Sanchís, V. & Gomar, F. (1992). Anatomía descriptiva y funcional del ligamento cruzado anterior. Implicaciones clínico-quirúrgicas. Revista Española de cirugía osteoarticular, 27(157), 22-41. http://hdl.handle.net/10550/56507
Seirul-lo, F. (2017). El Entrenamiento en los deportes de equipo. Mastercede.
Silva, J., Brito, J., Akenhead, R. & Nassis, G. (2016). The Transition Period in Soccer: A Window of Opportunity. Sports Medicine, 46(3), 305-313. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-015-0419-3
Silvers, H. & Mandelbaum, B. (2007). Prevention of anterior cruciate ligament injury in the female athlete. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 41(1), 52-59. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2007.037200
Smith, H., Vacek, P., Johnson, R., Slauterbeck, J., Hashemi, J., Shultz, S. & Beynnon, B. (2012). Risk Factors for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: A review of the Literature - Part 1: Neuromuscular and anatomic risk.
Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach, 4(1), 69-78. https://doi.org/10.1177/1941738111428281
Soligard, T., Myklebust, G., Steffen, K., Holme, I., Silvers, H., Bizzini, M., Junge, A., Dvorak, J., Bahr, R. &
Andersen, T. (2008). Comprehensive warm-up programme to prevent injuries in young female footballers: Cluster randomised controlled trial. BMJ, 337. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.a2469
Stanley, L., Kerr, Z., Dompier, T. & Padua, D. (2016). Sex differences in the incidence of anterior cruciate ligament, medial collateral ligament, and meniscal injuries in collegiate and high school sports: 2009-2010 through 2013-2014. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 44(6), 1565-1572. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546516630927
Steffen, K., Myklebust, G., Olsen, O., Holme, I. & Bahr, R. (2008). Preventing injuries in female youth football - a cluster-randomized controlled trial. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 18(5), 605-614. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2007.00703.x
Tainaka, K., Takizawa, T., Kobayashi, H. & Umimura, M. (2014). Limited hip rotation and non-contact anterior cruciate ligament injury: A case-control study. The Knee, 21(1), 86-90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.knee.2013.07.006
Tamura, A., Akasaka, K. & Otsudo, T. (2017). Knee valgus alignment influences the energy absorption on the hip joint during a drop vertical jump. Physical Therapy in Sport, 28, e2-e3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2017.08.011
Tsaklis, P., Malliaropoulos, N., Mendiguchia, J., Korakakis, V., Tsapralis, K., Pyne, D. & Malliaras, P. (2015). Muscle and intensity based hamstring exercise classification in elite female track and field athletes: Implications for exercise selection during rehabilitation. Open Access Journal of Sports Medicine, 6, 209-217. https://doi.org/10.2147/OAJSM.S79189
van Mechelen, W., Hlobil, H. & Kemper, H. (1992). Incidence, severity, aetiology and prevention of sports injuries: A review of concepts. Sports Medicine, 14(2), 82-99. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-199214020-00002
Van Tiggelen, D., Wickes, S., Stevens, V., Roosen, P. & Witvrouw, E. (2008). Effective prevention of sports injuries: A model integrating efficacy, efficiency, compliance and risk-taking behaviour. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 42(8), 648-652. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2008.046441
Van Winckel, J., Helsen, W., McMillan, K., Tenney, D., Meert, J. & Bradley, P. (2014). Fitness in Soccer: The Science and Practical Application. Moveo Ergo Sum
Volpi, P., Bisciotti, G., Chamari, K., Cena, E., Carimati, G. & Bragazzi, N. (2016). Risk factors of anterior cruciate ligament injury in football players: A systematic review of the literature. Muscle Ligaments and Tendons Journal, 6(4), 480-485. https://doi.org/10.11138/mltj/2016.6.4.480
von Porat, A., Roos, E. & Roos, H. (2004). High prevalence of osteoarthritis 14 years after an anterior cruciate ligament tear in male soccer players: A study of radiographic and patient relevant outcomes. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 63(3), 269-273. https://doi.org/10.1136/ard.2003.008136
Wetters, N., Weber, A., Wuerz, T., Schub, D. & Mandelbaum, B. (2016). Mechanism of injury and risk factors for anterior cruciate ligament injury. Operative Techniques in Sports Medicine, 24(1), 2-6. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.otsm.2015.09.001
Wright, R., Dunn, W., Amendola, A., Andrish, J., Bergfeld, J., Kaeding, C., Marx, R., McCarty, E., Parker, R., Wolcott, M., Wolf, B. & Spindler, K. (2007). Risk of tearing the intact anterior cruciate ligament in the contralateral knee and rupturing the anterior cruciate ligament graft during the first 2 years after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: A prospective MOON cohort Study. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 35(7), 1131-1134. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546507301318
Zantop, T., Petersen, W., Sekiya, J., Musahl, V. & Fu, F. (2006). Anterior cruciate ligament anatomy and function relating to anatomical reconstruction. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy, 14(10), 982-992. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-006-0076-z
Zebis, M., Andersen, L., Brandt, M., Myklebust, G., Bencke, J., Lauridsen, H., Bandholm, T., Thorborg, K., Hölmich, P. & Aagaard, P. (2016). Effects of evidence-based prevention training on neuromuscular and biomechanical risk factors for ACL injury in adolescent female athletes: A randomised controlled trial. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 50(9), 552-557. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2015-094776
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
General conditions
MHSalud: Journal in Human Movement Sciences and Health by the Universidad Nacional is cover under a Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 Costa Rica license.
The journal is hosted in open access repositories such as the Institutional Repository of the Universidad Nacional, the Kimuk Repository of Costa Rica and La Referencia.
The editorial source of the journal must be recognized. Use the doi identifier for this purpose.
Self-archiving policy: The journal allows the self-archiving of the articles in their peer-reviewed version, edited and approved by the Editorial Board of the Journal to be available in Open Access through the Internet. More information in the following link: https://v2.sherpa.ac.uk/id/publication/25815
