Especialização ou diversificação no desenvolvimento esportivo: uma revisão integrativa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15359/mhs.21-1.14731Palavras-chave:
avaliação, educação baseada no desempenho,, diversificação na educação, ensino fundamental, infânciaResumo
Objetivos: Explorar e discutir literatura científica teórica e prática para comparar a diversificação e specialização esportiva precoce como uma abordagem esportiva e educacional.
Métodos: uma revisão sistemática foi realizada seguindo as diretrizes do PRISMA, um total de 61 estudos foram incluídos
Resultados: Treinadores, pais e crianças acreditam que a melhor maneira de desenvolver talentos esportivos e ingressar na elite do esporte é participar de uma única disciplina e fazer o mais cedo possível para alcançar a especialização e o máximo de habilidades técnicas, físicas e psicológicas. Os caminhos da especialização esportiva podem levar a uma situação física, social e mental que comprometa seu desenvolvimento integral.
Conclusão: Primeiro, a diversificação esportiva pode ser considerada em uma idade precoce e depois a
especialização, uma vez que os princípios básicos de força, condicionamento e treinamento neuromuscular tenham sido alcançados, bem como a maturação psicomotora específica para que seu desempenho esportivo e saúde não sejam comprometidos a médio ou longo prazo. É necessário considerar que poucas crianças conseguem obter um lugar nos esportes de elite, de modo que, para muitas delas, a
educação em torno do esporte será a base para o exercício de sua cidadania como pessoas ativas.
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