Atividade Física e sua Relação com o Consumo de Álcool, Tabaco e Variáveis Associadas à Saúde Mental em Estudantes Universitários: Um Estudo Transversal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15359/Palavras-chave:
Atividade física, Estudantes universitários, Álcool, Tabagismo, Qualidade de vida relacionada à saúdeResumo
Introdução: As responsabilidades acadêmicas modificam diversos comportamentos nos estudantes que afetam sua saúde.
Objetivo: Identificar os níveis de atividade física (AF), álcool, tabagismo, ansiedade, depressão e qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde (QVRS) em estudantes universitários. Além disso, explorar as associações entre AF e as outras variáveis.
Métodos: Estudo transversal e correlacional com 717 estudantes, utilizando uma amostra aleatória simples. Foram aplicados o Questionário Global de Atividade Física, o Questionário CAGE, o Global Adult Tobacco Survey, o Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, o Patient Health Questionnaire-9 e o SF-12.
Resultados: 42,4% apresentaram alto nível de AF, 23,8% nível moderado e 33,8% nível baixo, com diferenças estatisticamente significativas por sexo (p<0,05), com uma associação moderada (v de Cramér = 0,20). 30,6% apresentaram problemas com consumo de álcool e 13,1% dependência de álcool. 92,2% não fumam, 7,0% fumam e 0,8% não responderam. Não houve correlação entre AF e consumo de álcool, nem entre AF e tabagismo (p>0,05). 43,5% apresentaram ansiedade leve, 31,5% não apresentaram ansiedade, 13,8% apresentaram ansiedade moderada e 11,2% ansiedade severa. 15,7% apresentaram depressão moderadamente grave e grave (agrupados), 34,7% leve e 35,7% sem depressão. Houve uma relação entre AF e depressão (p<0,05; v de Cramér = 0,13). AF e QVRS mostraram associações estatisticamente significativas (p<0,05) de magnitude fraca (<0,30).
Conclusões: Os resultados sugerem a elaboração de estratégias para aumentar a AF com ênfase nas mulheres. É importante tomar medidas para tratar problemas de consumo e dependência de álcool, bem como ansiedade e depressão, dada a proporção encontrada. O componente mental da QVRS deve ser tratado com atenção, pois apresentou uma diminuição de 7,5 pontos abaixo da média da população de referência.
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