Environmental condition of sediment in the eastern sector of Cariaco Gulf
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15359/revmar.13-1.4Keywords:
Sediment, water, toxins, environmental risk, VenezuelaAbstract
In 2008, the environmental status of sediment in the eastern region of the Gulf of Cariaco (Venezuela) was evaluated by comparing chemical concentrations of trace metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to responses to standardized toxicological tests. In April, the metals partitioned in the sediment and retained water were extracted and measured using ICP-OES analysis. The PAHs were separated from the sediment using ultrasound and measured with HPLC-fluorescence detectors. In addition, Artemia survival was evaluated and hemolytic activity tests were performed. The total metal concentrations (μg g-1) were: Cu (29-91), Cd (1.9-4.9), Cr (4-36), Ni (10-33), Pb (3-9) and Zn (32-112). Results of the analysis of water (µg L-1) were Pb (33-56), Cr and (154-237). The concentrations of PAHs (3-5 rings) were low, with a predominance of fluoranthene (22-71 ng g-1), mainly pyrolytic. Concentrations of Cu, Ni and Cd in the sediment exceeded quality criteria in only a few locations. There was no mortality of larvae during toxicological tests and hemolytic activity was less than 2%. These results show that the sediments analyzed have high ecological quality
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