Seasonal changes of phytoplankton in the Paquera-Tambor Marine Area for Responsible Fishing, Gulf of Nicoya, Costa Rica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15359/revmar.8-2.2Keywords:
Microalgae, seasonal changes, Marine Areas for Responsible Fishing, Gulf of Nicoya, Costa RicaAbstract
The implementation of Marine Areas for Responsible Fishing (MARF) is a tool for fisheries management; therefore, baseline studies play an important role in understanding the ecological dynamics from the bases of the food web in the MARF. The aim of this study was to identify the abundance of the phytoplankton communities associated with the MARF to determine the seasonal changes between abiotic variables and phytoplankton in the Paquera-Tambor MARF, Gulf of Nicoya, Costa Rica. Monthly sampling (September 2013 to August 2014) was performed for physical-chemical factors and phytoplankton. The data showed a temporal variation of both environmental factors and the phytoplankton community. The most representative microalgae were diatoms and dinoflagellates with a richness of 51 and 32 species, respectively, where the presence of some algal bloom forming species such as Cochlodinium catenatum was highlighted, with a concentration of 5.85x104 cells L-1. Regarding diatoms and parameters such as Secchi disk depth (r = -0.558) and the percentage of oxygen saturation (r = -0.490), a negative correlation was found due to climate variability in the area. Zooplanktonic tintinnids were identified and showed a positive correlation with diatoms (r = 0.433). A fundamental ecosystem dynamic was evident for the trophic development of the Tambor-Paquera-MARF, which underpins the importance of the fishing zone and reflects the relevance of continued biotic and abiotic monitoring for the area.
References
Aktan, Y. (2011). Large-scale patterns in summer surface water phytoplankton (except picophytoplankton) in the Eastern Mediterranean. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci., 91, 551-558. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2010.12.010
Álvarez-Góngora, C. & Herrera-Silveira, J. A. (2006). Variations of phytoplankton community structure related to water quality trends in a tropical karstic coastal zone. Mar. Pollut. Bull., 52, 48-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2005.08.006
Araya, H., Vásquez, A., Marín, B., Palacios, J. A., Soto-Rojas, R., Mejía-Arana, F., Shimazu, Y. & Hiramatsu, K. (2007). Reporte no.1/2007 del Comité de Evaluación de Poblaciones: Reporte del Manejo de los Recursos Pesqueros en el Golfo de Nicoya. Puntarenas, Costa Rica: UNA-JICA-INCOPESCA.
Brenes, C. (2001). Fundamentos de Oceanografía Descriptiva: Aplicación al Istmo Centroamericano. Bluefields, Nicaragua: Proyecto para el Desarrollo Integral de la Pesca Artesanal en la Región Autónoma Atlántico Sur (DIPAL).
Brenes, C. & León, S. (1995). Hidrografía del Golfo de Nicoya. In J. Zarnorro (Ed.), Actas del Simposium Ecosistema de Manglares en el Pacífico Centroamericano y sus Recursos de Post-larvas de Camarones Peneidos (pp. 39-47). San Salvador, El Salvador: PRADEPESCA.
Brenes, C. L., León, S. & Chávez, J. (2001). Variación de las propiedades termohalinas en el Golfo de Nicoya, Costa Rica. Rev. Biol. Trop., 49, 145-152.
Cabrita, M. T. (2014). Phytoplankton community indicators of changes associated with dredging in the Tagus estuary (Portugal). Environ. Pollut., 191, 17-24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2014.04.001
Calvo, E., Víquez, R. & García, A. (2005). Alexandrium monilatum (Howell) Balech bloom in the Gulf of Nicoya, Puntarenas. Harmful Algae News. IOC-UNESCO, 29, 1-2.
Calvo, E., Boza, J. & Berrocal, K. (2014). Efectos de El Niño y La Niña sobre el comportamiento del microfitoplancton marino y las variables fisicoquímicas durante el 2008 a 2010 en el Golfo de Nicoya, Costa Rica. Rev. Cienc. Mar. Cost., 6, 115-133. http://dx.doi.org/10.15359/revmar.8-1.9
Chrétiennot-Dinet, M. J. (1990). Chlorarachniophycées, Chlorophycées, Chrysophycées, Cryptophycées, Euglénophycées, Eustigmatophycées, Prasinophycées, Prymnésiophycées, Rhodophycées et Tribophycées. In A. Sournia (Ed.), Atlas Du Phytoplancton Marin. Volume II (pp. 1-261). Paris, France: Éditions du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique.
Cupp, E. (1937). Marine Plankton Diatoms of the West Coast of North America. California, USA: University of California Press.
Dawes, C. (1991). Botánica Marina. Distrito Federal, México: Editorial Limusa, S.A.
Day, J. G., Slocombe, S. P. & Stanley, M. S. (2012). Overcoming biological constraints to enable the exploitation of microalgae for biofuels. Bioresource Technol., 109, 245-251. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2011.05.033
Domingues, R., Barbosa, A. & Galvão, H. (2008). Constraints on the use of phytoplankton as a biological quality element within the Water Framework Directive in Portuguese waters. Mar. Pollut. Bull., 56, 1389-1395. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2008.05.006
Eker, E. & Kideyş, A. E. (2000). Weekly variations in phytoplankton structure of a Harbour in Mersin Bay (north-eastern Mediterranean). Turk. J. Bot., 24, 13-24.
Epifanio, C. E., Maurer, D. & Dittel, A. I. (1983). Seasonal changes in nutrients and dissolved oxygen in the Gulf of Nicoya, a tropical estuary on the Pacific coast of Central America. Hydrobiologia, 101, 231-238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00009879
Feng, M., Zhang, W., Wang, W., Zhang, G., Xiao, T. & Xu, H. (2015). Can tintinnids be used for discriminating water quality status in marine ecosystems? Mar. Pollut. Bull., 101(2), 549-555. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.10.059
García, A. (2005). Biomasa fitoplanctónica durante un florecimiento algal en el Golfo de Nicoya, Costa Rica. Unpublished Licentiate Thesis, Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica.
Hansen, B., Eliasen, S. K., Gaard, E. & Larsen, K. M. H. (2005). Climatic effects on plankton and productivity on the Faroe Shelf. ICES J. Mar. Sci., 62, 1224-1232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icesjms.2005.04.014
Haraguchi, L., Carstensen, J., Abreu, P. C. & Odebrecht, C. (2015). Long-term changes of the phytoplankton community and biomass in the subtropical shallow Patos Lagoon Estuary, Brazil. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci., 162, 76-87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2015.03.007
Hoff, N. T., Figueira, R. C. L. & Abessa, D. M. S. (2015). Levels of metals, arsenic and phosphorus in sediments from two sectors of a Brazilian Marine Protected Area (Tupinambás Ecological Station). Mar. Pollut. Bull., 91, 403-409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.10.044
Hoppenrath, M., Elbrächter, M. & Drebes, G. (2009). Marine phytoplankton: Selected microphytoplankton species from the North Sea around Helgoland and Sylt. Stuttgart, Germany: Kleine Senckenberg-Reihe 49.
Horner, R. (2002). A Taxonomic Guide to Some Common Marine Phytoplankton. Briston, England: Biopress Ltd.
Hu, H., Zhang, J. & Chen, W. (2011). Competition of bloom-forming marine phytoplankton at low nutrient concentrations. J. Environ. Sci., 23, 656-663. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1001-0742(10)60459-7
Huete-Ortega, M., Marañón, E., Varela, M. & Bode, A. (2010). General patterns in the size scaling of phytoplankton abundance in coastal waters during a 10-year time series. J. Plankton Res., 32, 1-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbp104
Ishizaka, J., Takahashi, M. & Ishimura, S. (1986). Changes in the growth rate of phytoplankton in local upwelling around the Izu Peninsula, Japan. J. Plankton Res., 8(l), 169-181. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plankt/8.1.169
Jeffrey, S. W., Montoura, R. F. C. & Wright, S. W. (1997). Phytoplankton pigments in oceanography guidelines to modern methods. Paris, France: UNESCO.
Knox, G. (2000). The ecology of seashores. Florida, USA: CRC Press. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420042634
Kress, N., León, S., Brenes, C., Brenner, S. & Arroyo, G. (2001). Horizontal transport and seasonal distribution of nutrients, dissolved oxygen and chlorophyll-a in the Gulf of Nicoya, Costa Rica: a tropical estuary. Cont. Shelf Res., 0, 1-16.
Li, Y., Chen, Y., Song, B., Olson, D., Yu, N. & Chen, L. (2009). Ecosystem structure and functioning of Lake Taihu (China) and the impacts of fishing. Fish. Res., 95, 309-324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2008.09.039
Li, H., Zhao, Y., Chen, X., Zhang, W., Xu, J., Li, J. & Xiao, T. (2015). Interaction between neritic and warm water tintinnids in surface waters of East China Sea. Deep-Sea Research II, 124, 84-92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2015.06.008
Litchman, E. & Klausmeier, C. A. (2008). Trait-Based Community Ecology of Phytoplankton. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst., 39, 615-639. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.39.110707.173549
Lizano, O. & Vargas, J. (1994). Distribución espacio-temporal de la salinidad y la temperatura en la parte interna del Golfo de Nicoya. Tecnol. Mar., 12(2), 3-16.
MacIntery, H. L., Kana, T. M. & Geider, R. J. (2000). The effect of water motion on short-term rates of photosynthesis by marine phytoplankton. Trends Plant. Sci. Rev., 5, 12-17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1360-1385(99)01504-6
MAG. Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganadería. (2009). Reglamento para el Establecimiento de las Áreas Marinas de Pesca Responsable y Declaratoria de Interés Público Nacional de las Áreas Marinas de Pesca Responsable. Decreto Nº 35502-MAG. (Published in the Gazette N° 191, October 01). San José, Costa Rica: Imprenta Nacional.
Magnone, L., Bessonart, M., Gadea, J. & Salhi, M. (2015). Trophic relationships in an estuarine environment: A quantitative fatty acid analysis signature approach. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci., 166, 24-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2014.12.033
Mann, K. H. (2000). Ecology of Coastal Waters: Implications for Management. Massachusetts, USA: Blackwell Science, Inc.
Medina, L. (1995). Análisis multidisciplinar del ecosistema costero insular, balance energético, capa de mezcla y modelo biológico. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
Nybakken, J. W. (2001). Marine Ecology: An ecological approach. New York, USA: Benjamin Cummings, Addison Wesley Longman.
OCEANA. (2013). Áreas marinas protegidas: una herramienta para combatir la sobrepesca y conservar los ecosistemas marinos. Oceana, 4, 1-15.
Ojeda, A. (2006). Dinoflagelados de Canarias: Estudio Taxonómico y Ecológico. Tenerife, Islas Canarias, Spain: Litografía Romero, S.L.
Peña, V. & Pinilla, G. A. (2002). Composición, distribución y abundancia de la comunidad fitoplanctónica de la ensenada de Utría, Pacífico colombiano. Rev. Biol. Mar. Oceano., 37, 67-81.
Puigserver, M., Ramon, G., Moya, G. & Martínez-Taberner, A. (2002). Planktonic chlorophyll a and eutrophication in two Mediterranean littoral systems (Mallorca Island, Spain). Hydrobiologia, 475/476, 493-504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1020368215511
Quevedo, M., Viesca, L., Anadon, R. & Fernández, E. (2003). The protistan microzooplankton community in the oligotrophic north-eastern Atlantic: large- and mesoscale patterns. J. Plankton Res., 25, 551-563. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plankt/25.5.551
Rakshit, D., Ganeshb, P. S. & Sarkar, S. K. (2016). Choreotrich ciliate tintinnid (Protozoa: Ciliophora) in a tropical meso-macrotidal estuary, eastern part of India. Reg. Stud. Mar. Sci., 3, 89-100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2015.06.003
Resende, P., Miranda, U., Gonçalves, F. & Pereira, M. J. (2007). Distribution and ecological preferences of diatoms and dinoflagellates in the west Iberian Coastal zone (North Portugal). Acta Oecol., 32, 224-235. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actao.2007.05.004
Ricard, M. (1987). Diatomophycées. In A. Sournia (Ed.), Atlas du Phytoplancton Marin. Volume II (pp. 262-296). Paris, France: Éditions du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique.
Rochelle-Newall, E. J., Chu, T. V., Pringault, O., Amouroux, D., Arfi, R., Bettarel, Y. T., Bouvier, C., Got, P., Nguyen, T. M. H., Mari, X., Navarro, P., Duong, T. N., Cao, T. T. T., Pham, T. T., Ouillon, S. & Torréton, J. P. (2011). Phytoplankton distribution and productivity in a highly turbid, tropical coastal system (Bach Dang Estuary, Vietnam). Mar. Pollut. Bull., 62, 2317-2329. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.08.044
Round, F. E., Crawford, R. M. & Mann, D. G. (1990). The Diatoms: Biology & Morphology of the Genera. New York, USA: Cambridge University Press.
Safi, K., Griffiths, F. & Hall, J. A. (2007). Microzooplankton composition, biomass and grazing rates along the WOCE SR3 line between Tasmania and Antarctica. Deep-Sea Res. Pt. I, 54, 1025-1041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2007.05.003
Santoferrara, L. & Alder, V. (2009). Abundance trends and ecology of planktonic ciliates of the south-western Atlantic (35-63 o S): a comparison between neritic and oceanic environments. J. Plankton Res., 31, 837-851. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbp033
Schlüter, L., Henriksen, P., Nielsen, T. G. & Jakobsen, H. H. (2011). Phytoplankton composition and biomass across the southern Indian Ocean. Deep-Sea Res. Pt. I, 58, 546-556. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2011.02.007
Simon, N., Cras, A. L., Foulon, E. & Lemée, R. (2009). Diversity and evolution of marine phytoplankton. C.R. Biol., 332, 159-170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crvi.2008.09.009
Sin, Y., Lee, E., Lee, Y. & Shin, K. H. (2015). The river-estuarine continuum of nutrients and phytoplankton communities in an estuary physically divided by a sea dike. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci., 163, 279-289. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2014.12.028
Sournia, A. (1986). Atlas du Phytoplancton Marin. Volume I: Introduction, Cyanophycées, Dictyochophycées, Dinophycées et Raphidophycées. Paris, France: Éditions du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique.
Spatharis, S. & Tsirtsis, G. (2010). Ecological quality scales based on phytoplankton for implementation of Water Framework Directive in the Eastern Mediterranean. Ecol. Indic., 10, 840-847. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2010.01.005
SPSS. (2008). SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 17.0. Chicago, USA: SPSS Inc.
Steingrund, P. & Gaard, E. (2005). Relationship between phytoplankton production and cod production on the Faroe Shelf. ICES J. Mar. Sci., 62(2), 163-176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icesjms.2004.08.019
Stelfox-Widdicombe, C. E., Archer, S. D., Burkill, P. H. & Stefels, J. (2004). Microzooplankton grazing in Phaeocystis and diatom-dominated waters in the southern North Sea in spring. J. Sea Res., 51, 37-51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2003.04.004
Throndsen, J., Hasle, G. R. & Tangen, K. (2007). Phytoplankton of Norwegian Coastal Waters. Oslo, Norway: Almater Forlag As.
Tomas, C. (1997). Identifying Marine Phytoplankton. San Diego, USA: Academic Press.
Valiela, I. (1995). Marine ecological process. New York, USA: Springer. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4125-4
Varela, M. & Prego, R. (2003). Hydrography and phytoplankton in an isolated and non-pristine ria area: the A Coruña Harbour (NW Spain). Acta Oecol., 24, 113-124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1146-609X(03)00048-1
Víquez, R. & Hargraves, P. (1995). Annual cycle of potentially harmful dinoflagellates in the Golfo de Nicoya, Costa Rica. Bull. Mar. Sci., 57(2), 467-475.
Voorhis, A., Epifanio, C., Maurer, D., Dittel, A. & Vargas, J. (1983). The estuarine character of the Gulf of Nicoya, an embayment on the Pacific coast of Central America. Hydrobiologia, 99, 225-237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00008774
Widdicombe, C. E., Eloire, D., Harbour, D., Harris, R. P. & Somerfield, P. J. (2010). Long-term phytoplankton community dynamics in the Western English Channel. J. Plankton Res., 32, 643-655. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbp127
Zhang, C., Zhang, W., Ni, X., Zhao, Y., Huang, L. & Xiao, T. (2015). Influence of different water masses on planktonic ciliate distribution on the East China Sea shelf. J. Mar. Syst., 141, 98-111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2014.09.003
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
General terms and conditions
Revista Ciencias Marinas y Costeras by Universidad Nacional is located under a Licencia Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 Costa Rica.
The journal is hosted in open-access repositories such as the Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Nacional, the Repositorio Kimuk de Costa Rica and la Referencia.
The editorial source of the journal must be acknowledged. For this purpose, use the doi identifier of the publication.
Self-archiving policy: The journal allows the self-archiving of articles in their refereed version, edited and approved by the Editorial Board of the Journal so that they are available in Open Access through the Internet. More information at the following link: https://v2.sherpa.ac.uk/id/publication/28915
