Abundância, biomassa e estrutura da ictiofauna demersal no oceano Pacífico da América Central, baseadas em dados de prospecção pesqueira realizados a bordo do B/O Miguel Oliver
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15359/revmar.12-1.2Palavras-chave:
América Central, oceano Pacífico, profundidade, montagem, plataforma continental.Resumo
América Central, foi realizado o estudo de amostras obtidas em 98 pontos de arrasto executados com o B / O Miguel Oliver entre os dias 10 de novembro e 16 de dezembro de 2010. Com uma rede do tipo Lofoten, realizou-se a faina por 30 minutos nos pontos localizados de acordo com os estratos e a profundidade (máximo de 1.600 m). A amostra total (17.507 espécimes) foi representada por peixes cartilaginosos e ósseos divididos em 77 famílias e 158 espécies. O Dicroleno filamentoso (12,27%) apresentou a maior abundância, a biomassa mais representativa do estudo foram Peprilus medius (35,67%) e Peprilus snyderi (12,49%), juntamente com Rhinoptera steindachneri (9,45%), enquanto as espécies mais frequentes foram Peristedion barbiger e Stomias atriventer (ambos com 2,71%). A costa em frente à Costa Rica e ao Panamá apresentou alta diversidade (H': 3), enquanto a equidade apresentou valores uniformes. Para determinar as montagens em relação à profundidade, foi utilizado uma ordenação espacial que mostrou um agrupamento de 3 conjuntos (PERMANOVA, R = 0,54, P> 0,05) e uma análise de correspondência canônica, que produziu evidências suficientes de que as espécies foram influenciadas em sua distribuição pela salinidade e temperatura. A ictiofauna encontrada responde a eventos e condições ambientais particulares que são de grande importância ecológica. Destaca-se quão fundamental são as montagens para avaliar como as populações mudam em decorrência das características que as massas de água apresentam.
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