La economía política del comercio justo y la teoría del desarrollo: implicaciones en el mercado del café costarricense (1990-2017)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15359/ri.92-2.1Keywords:
Development, Dependency, Theories, Fair Trade, Costa Rica, CoffeAbstract
With respect to the premises of fair trade, its initiatives experienced a metamorphosis between the 1940s and late 1980s. Through the iconic dependency and "development of underdevelopment" schools of thought, the evolution of the development theory has shaped fair trade premises and principles. Despite the fact that these schools of thought contended the premises of neoliberal markets, their intention to change the world trading system and its unequal exchange was the result of a limited application of social relations of production rather than economic exchange relations. These factors, in addition to the declining role of the State in development during the late 1980s, the collapse of the Soviet Union, and the counter-revolution of neoliberalism in the early 1990s, led to the redirection of the focus of fair trade initiatives.
The resurgence of neoliberal market forces starting in the 1990s led the fair trade network (what was left of the fair trade movement born in the 1940s) to implement market-friendly strategies to better position themselves in the international mainstream market. Despite the fact that the neoliberal counter-revolution led to the revival of the fair trade network, this does not mean that the network lost its original premises of fair prices and fair exchange or its loyalty to its Southern partners. Its new reality is promising, but its new “dependency” on market-friendly approaches could also continue to shape its raison d’être.
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