Distribución, riqueza e identificación molecular de cangrejos araña (Brachyura: Majoidea: Mithracidae) de Costa Rica

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15359/ru.36-1.18

Palabras clave:

ADNmt, decápodos, filogenética, identificación molecular, posicionamiento taxonómico

Resumen

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la distribución, riqueza e identificación molecular de cangrejos araña en las costas Pacífico y Caribe costarricenses. Se realizaron mapas de distribución de especies de la familia Mithracidae en las costas del Caribe y Pacífico de Costa Rica a partir de muestreos exploratorios y registros espacio-temporales de colectas (1960 al 2016) suministrados por el Museo de Zoología de la Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR). Además, se obtuvo un árbol filogenético mediante topología concatenada multigénica de fragmentos de genes mitocondriales y nuclear. Los registros históricos revelan la presencia de 24 especies de cangrejos mitrácidos y su distribución geográfica en el Pacífico y Caribe de Costa Rica, incluyendo islas de la plataforma continental y oceánica. Los análisis moleculares confirman relaciones de parentesco entre los clados Ala-Maguimithrax,Omalacantha-Microphrys,Omalacantha+Microphrys-Teleophrys y el clado bien soportado de las especies del género Mithraculus. Los resultados generados en este estudio contribuyen con información para el desarrollo de estrategias futuras de protección ambiental de los recursos marinos, al aportar una línea base para el monitoreo de la degradación ambiental y la destrucción del hábitat de cangrejos araña en las costas de Costa Rica. La información molecular obtenida, a futuro permitirá estudios de genética de poblaciones, filogeografía, flujo génico regional y divergencia entre especies del Caribe y Pacífico.

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2022-02-14

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